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1- These are considered principal causes of HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA except:

a- Renal failure.
b- Diabetes mellitus.
c- Hypoparathyroidism.
d- Tumor lysis syndrome.
e- Exogenous administration.

2- Which is true regarding URINALYSIS:

a- Hematuria is responsible if the red color is seen only in the urine sediment with the supernatant being clear.
b- Dipstix for heme cannot detect RBC in urine.
c- Extrarenal bleeding gives dysmorphic appearance of RBC in urine.
d- Hyaline casts are indicative of significant renal disease.
e- Urine dipstick detects all types of proteins.



3- A 6 month-old-boy referred because of failure to thrive has the following laboratory data: urea 11mmoll, creatinine 46umoll, Na 133 mmoll, K 1.9 mmoll, Cl 78 mmoll, Hco3 37 mmoll with high renin and aldosterone, and low urinary chloride <10 mmoll. The most likely diagnosis is:

a- Primary hyperaldosteronism.
b- Milk alkali syndrome.
c- Bartter syndrome.
d- Congenital chloride diarrhea.
e- Cystic fibrosis.

4- The followings are etiologic factors in DIABETES INSIPIDUS except:

a- Urinary tract obstruction.
b- Histiocytosis.
c- Chronic renal failure.
d- Sickle cell anemia.
e- Amyloidosis.


Hofuf Medical Forum





5- All of the followings are consequences of HYPOKALEMIA except:

a- Flaccid paralysis.
b- Paralytic ileus.
c- Postural hypotension.
d- Metabolic acidosis.

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ASN


Describe and what is your diagnosis?
malaria